Marburg virus
A new suspected outbreak of the Marburg virus has emerged in north-west Tanzania, raising alarm as the World Health Organization (WHO) reports that at least eight individuals have lost their lives to the disease. This troubling development highlights the ongoing threat posed by this highly infectious virus, which is similar to Ebola.
On January 15, 2025, the WHO announced that nine suspected cases of Marburg had been identified in the Kagera region over a five-day period. Dr. Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, the WHO chief, warned that more cases were likely to be reported as health authorities ramp up surveillance efforts in the area.
Marburg virus disease presents with severe symptoms, including fever, muscle aches, diarrhea, vomiting, and, in severe cases, death due to extreme blood loss. This virus is known for its high fatality rate, which averages around 50% of those infected. The last outbreak in Tanzania occurred in March 2023, resulting in the deaths of six people and lasting nearly two months.
Currently, Tanzanian authorities have not confirmed the latest outbreak. However, the WHO has already identified patients, including healthcare workers, who are being closely monitored. Rapid response teams have been deployed to assess the situation, identify suspected cases, and contain the outbreak.
The potential for the virus to spread is concerning, especially given Kagera’s status as a transit hub. The region sees significant cross-border movement to neighboring countries like the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Uganda, Burundi, and Rwanda. Dr. Tedros advised that, for now, there are no travel or trade restrictions recommended for Tanzania.
While the global risk of this outbreak spreading internationally remains low, the situation is still serious. In December 2023, a similar outbreak in Rwanda infected 66 people and resulted in 15 deaths.
The Marburg virus is transmitted to humans primarily through fruit bats and subsequently through direct contact with the bodily fluids of infected individuals. Unfortunately, there are no specific treatments or vaccines available for the virus, although clinical trials are currently underway.
